Twelfth Night

Twelfth Night revelers, for "Twelfth Night," Third Eve

Today is Epiphany, the celebration commemorating the magi’s journey to honor the infant Jesus. It is also Twelfth Night—the twelfth night after Christmas. In medieval Europe, this night eclipsed even Christmas itself in grandeur, becoming the most anticipated celebration of the year. It was a night of revelry, merrymaking, and feasts that stretched deep into the night.

Those familiar with European traditions or the customs of the American South know this celebration well, but in my corner of the world Twelfth Night passes largely unnoticed.

The timing of celebration varies by region and custom. Some communities honor Twelfth Night on the eve of Epiphany, mirroring our Christmas Eve observances, while others begin their festivities after sundown on Epiphany itself. Regardless of timing, our ancestors understood the night as a final burst of Christmas joy, imbibing traditional drinks and preparing bountiful feasts for a final grand celebration before the somber Lenten season arrived.

The thought of hosting my own Twelfth Night celebration is appealing. The traditional wassail alone seems worth the effort—a warming blend of ale and apples, cinnamon and nutmeg, fortified with port. Then there’s the King Cake, its name honoring the three wise men whose journey we commemorate, its hidden token promising good fortune to whoever discovers it in their slice.

Perhaps this year I’ll bridge that gap between curiosity and practice, bringing these half-forgotten traditions into my own home and discovering what our ancestors knew about the art of celebration.

oranges, for Twelfth Night at Third Eve

If you celebrate Twelfth Night in your own family or community, I’d love to hear about your traditions. What foods do you prepare? How do you mark this threshold between Christmas joy and Lenten reflection? Share your stories—I’m eager to learn from those who’ve kept these customs alive.




16 responses to “Twelfth Night”

  1. Kass Avatar
    Kass

    Hello from Poland. I thought that since I’ve started to draw gigantic pleasure from reading your blog, then it feels quite right to share this small observation regarding the Epiphany here.

    We celebrate the day simply by attending a Mass where myrrh, frankincense and white chalk are being consecrated and then there’s also a tradition to write initial letters of C+M+B (Christus Mansionem Benedicat) above the main entrance to the house (the latter is really something peculiar as in Poland there’s hardly any door without it;). And at last, since that day priests start visiting houses of the faithful with blessings while collecting money for charity.

    There was also a custom similar to German, with kids dressing up, singing and collecting apples and nuts -so remembers my grandmother. But somehow it’s different now.

    Best wishes. I’ll keep reading.

  2. henitsirk Avatar

    We have a Lutheran hymnal that I always get out at Christmas for the carols. I notice that there are official Lutheran hymns for the circumcision of Jesus!

    Eve, I’m glad you looked into anthro-whatsit. However, there’s a lot of hysterical mud-slinging about it on the internet. I am happy to share my thoughts and understanding about it, but I just cringe a little when people say they’ve been checking up on it online. I think it would be like if you read a little about Hindu beliefs: you’d understand maybe 0.5% of it, and that would be skewed by the writer’s perspective.

  3. Alida Avatar
    Alida

    I don’t really remember ever celebrating in Cuba. I was 3 1/2 when we came to the states. I never thought about celebrating the Epiphany with my kids.

    I do think that six days of gifts is nicer than the overwhelming one day. I think they would probably enjoy the gifts more…I think I would too.

    You’ve given something to think about for next Christmas.

  4. Alida Avatar
    Alida

    One more thing, in Cuba we don’t make King Cake. My husband is of Mexican descent, but his family never had King Cake either. We’ve fused some traditions by having a traditional Cuba feast on Christmas eve, except we substitute the roasted pork for pork tamales and we serve King Cake for dessert.

  5. Alida Avatar
    Alida

    When we lived in Cuba, we celebrated the twelfth
    night. We called it the day of the wise men. We have a big dinner Christmas Eve. The children received a small token on Christmas Day and a gift every night unitl Jan.6th. Each night the gifts were a little better. Starting with a bar of chocolate or socks and culminating with “the” gift on the twelfth night.

    When we arrived in the states, my parents whole-heartedly embraced Christmas and we never celebrated the twelfth night again. My mom however, refuses to take down the Christmas decor until the 7th of January.

    1. Eve Avatar

      Alida, do you think those six days of gifts were hard on your mom? ;o) I would think so!

      On the other hand, I really don’t like the way the American culture does Christmas. My European family observes Christmas much more sensibly and religiously, actually, than we do. And yet they’re not religious sorts. I find this fascinating since we claim to be largely “Christian” in this country; and yet, so materialistic.

      How did you like the build up to Epiphany as a child? And receiving a gift every day for six days? Do you think you’d want to do that with your kids?

  6. TIV: the individual voice Avatar

    Yes, it’s the Feast of the Circumcism!

    1. Eve Avatar

      Tiv, interesting, I never thought about it before. Why *did* they arrive so conveniently on that day? Very interesting indeed.

  7. TIV: the individual voice Avatar

    A friend who grew up in New Orleans was raving to me on Friday about King Cake and telling me how her devout Catholic mother celebrated every holiday, including the Ephiphany. I got to wondering if the three wise men were trying to get there in time for Jesus’ bris — Jewish ritual circumcision, 8 days after birth, which led her to telling me there was some sort of “obligatory” Catholic holiday of “the circumcision” that her mother also went to church for. Neither of us knew what we were talking about but it was the end of the work week. So I’m glad you posted this but there is much more to it I’d like to know.

  8. charlotteotter Avatar

    Here in Germany, Twelfth Night is a public holiday. It’s also culmination of a five day Sternsinger (carol-singer) action where over half a million German kids dress up as the three wise men and go door-to-door singing carols and raising money for children less fortunate than themselves. This year the charity was a street children project in Kenya, and my daughters took part. They had a wonderful time and it opened up chances to talk about children who have much less than them.

    This tradition has been going on for 50 years in Germany, and I think it is a wonderful one.

    1. Eve Avatar

      This seems wonderful, Charlotte, and a beautiful way of sharing.

  9. jadepark Avatar

    All I know is that I like to EAT King Cake. 🙂 The hubby grew up in Louisiana…

    1. Eve Avatar

      Jade, last year during Epiphany our RCIA class (Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults) had a king cake after class. The children were all rabid to find the baby. The adults just ate the cake!

  10. henitsirk Avatar

    We don’t celebrate Twelfth Night, but it’s fairly common in anthroposophical families to celebrate the holiday from Christmas Eve to Epiphany, and not beginning at Thanksgiving like the rest of the U.S.!

    The other things anthros do is put on Mystery Plays–I’ve been in a production of the Shepherds’ Play, and have seen a production of the Paradise Play. It’s harder to see the Three Kings Play, because it includes references to the slaughter of the innocents, and therefore isn’t as appropriate for little kids.

    1. Eve Avatar

      Oh, this sounds wonderful (Mystery Plays) and terrible (Three Kings and slaughter of the innocents)–all so Real Life.

  11. Anon Avatar

    I’ve only heard of this through some Puerto Rican acquaintances, and it was a few years ago. So I don’t even remember it with accuracy except for the spanish words “…los tres mages”, which is something to do with the three wise men. If I remember more, or come across the subject again I’ll post.

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